On this day 1 August WWII

Drone_pilot

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1943 PT-109 sinks;
Lieutenant Kennedy is instrumental in saving crew


On this day in 1943, a Japanese destroyer rams an American PT (patrol torpedo) boat, No. 109, slicing it in two. The destruction is so massive other American PT boats in the area assume the crew is dead. Two crewmen were, in fact, killed, but 11 survived, including Lt. John F. Kennedy.

Japanese aircraft had been on a PT boat hunt in the Solomon Islands, bombing the PT base at Rendova Island. It was essential to the Japanese that several of their destroyers make it to the southern tip of Kolombangara Island to get war supplies to forces there. But the torpedo capacity of the American PTs was a potential threat. Despite the base bombing at Rendova, PTs set out to intercept those Japanese destroyers. In the midst of battle, Japan's Amaqiri hit PT-109, leaving 11 crewmen floundering in the Pacific.

After five hours of clinging to debris from the decimated PT boat, the crew made it to a coral island. Kennedy decided to swim out to sea again, hoping to flag down a passing American boat. None came. Kennedy began to swim back to shore, but strong currents, and his chronic back condition, made his return difficult. Upon reaching the island again, he fell ill. After he recovered, the PT-109 crew swam to a larger island, what they believed was Nauru Island, but was in fact Cross Island. They met up with two natives from the island, who agreed to take a message south. Kennedy carved the distress message into a coconut shell: "Nauru Is. Native knows posit. He can pilot. 11 alive need small boat."

The message reached Lieutenant Arthur Evans, who was watching the coast of Gomu Island, located next to an island occupied by the Japanese. Kennedy and his crew were paddled to Gomu. A PT boat then took them back to Rendova. Kennedy was ultimately awarded the Navy and Marine Corps Medal, for gallantry in action.

The coconut shell used to deliver his message found a place in history-and in the Oval Office.

PT-109, a film dramatizing this story, starring Clift Robertson as Kennedy, opened in 1963.
 
1st August 1944 in Poland

In 1944 the legal Polish authorities in Warsaw decided to start an Uprising against the German invader. It resulted in a legal, well-organized and independent Polish state that existed in Warsaw for two months. Such a situation did not happen again before the collapse of the communist regime in 1989.

The Uprising was to start on 1st August at 5 p.m. That decision was made the day before by General Tadeusz “Bor” Komorowski, Commander-in-Chief of the Home Army, in the presence of Colonel Antoni Chruściel “Monter,” Warsaw District Commander, and Jan Stanisław Jankowski, Government Deputy. Colonel Antoni Chrusciel “Monter,” “Nurt” was appointed the Warsaw Uprising commander, whereas General Erich von dem Bach - commander of the German forces that were to crush the Uprising. A total of about 50 thousand German or allied with Germany soldiers took part in the action commanded by the latter.

About 18 thousand Insurgent soldiers and 180 thousand civilians were killed during the battles in Warsaw. Furthermore, the Uprising resulted in the unimaginably severe and extensive damage – about 70-80% of the Warsaw buildings were destroyed by the German (during both the Uprising and the planned action of destroying the city afterwards). Moreover, due to the western Allies’ passiveness and breaking off the Soviet offensive, the Uprising failed also in political terms, namely instead of strengthening, it weakened the position of the Polish government in exile in London. The Uprising’s collapse meant losing hopes for the maintenance of Polish sovereignty after the SecondWorld War.
 
Hi polar, i posted a news item about this in the breaking news.
 

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