C-130A in the gunsight of a MiG-17 moments before shootdown over Armenian SSR, 1958
On September 2, 1958, a
Lockheed C-130A-II-LM (s/n 56-0528), from the
7406th Support Squadron, departed
Incirlik Airbase in
Turkey on a reconnaissance mission along the Turkish-
Armenian border. It was to fly a course parallel to the Soviet frontier, but not approach the border closer than 100 miles (160 km). The crew reported passing over
Trabzon in Turkey at 25,500 feet (7,800 m) and then acknowledged a weather report from Trabzon, but that was the last communication received from the flight. It was later intercepted and shot down by four Soviet
MiG-17s 34 mi (55 km; 30 nmi) north-west of
Yerevan. The six flight crew were confirmed dead when their remains were repatriated to the United States, but the 11 intelligence-gathering personnel on board have never been acknowledged by Soviet / Russian authorities. After the fall of the Soviet Union a US excavation team found hundreds of skeletal fragments; two remains were identified. A group burial of the 17 crew remains was held at
Arlington National Cemetery.
The exact cause of why the aircraft strayed into Soviet airspace is unknown, but according to the Aviation Safety Network, the crew may have confused a
radio beacon in the USSR with similar frequencies to the Turkish beacons they were briefed to use, or it may have been a deliberate maneuver to obtain better data