USN:
Clemson class destroyer USS Edsall (DD-219) is sunk by Japanese battleships &cruisers some 200 miles SSE of Christmas Island - March 1, 1942
USS Edsall was enroute to Batavia (now Jakarta) when they received the news that the Japanese had attacked Pearl Harbor.
On February 27, 1942 USS Edsall & USS Whipple were escorting USS Langley when she was damaged by Japanese bombers and had to be scuttled.
On February 28th, the two destroyers met up with USS Pecos and offloaded most of the USS Langley survivors they were carrying except for the USAAF pilots and ground crew who had been passengers on
Langley.
Afterwards, USS Edsall was ordered to sail alone to Tjilatjap in Java, because her USAAF passengers were needed to assemble and fly crated P-40 fighters which had been delivered there.
On March 1, 1942, a radio message from USS Edsall that she had been surprised by two Japanese battleships was received by a Dutch ship miles away, afterwards USS Edsall and her crew & passengers seemingly vanished….
After the war, it was learned that
Edsall had been sighted inadvertently following a Japanese Task Force, USS Edsall was fired upon by the battleships
Hiei &
Kirishima and the cruisers
Tone &
Chikuma from around 27,000 yards away.
USS Edsall started maneuvers, with radical turns, intermittent smoke screens, and at one point firing torpedoes which narrowly missed the cruiser
Chikuma.
The four Japanese warships fired around 1,335 8-inch & 14-inch shells at the little destroyer, scoring maybe 1-2 hits.
Admiral Naguma finally had enough and ordered airstrikes, 26 Aichi D3A dive bombers from the carriers
Kaga, Hiryū, and
Sōryū immobilized USS Edsall with several 250 lb bomb hits.
The battleships and cruisers then closed in and resumed firing, sinking the destroyer which capsized “showing her red bottom" according to an officer onboard
Hiei.
A Japanese Navy after action report described the sinking of
Edsall as “a fiasco” and the rules of engagement for battleships & cruisers against destroyers was revised.
It was recorded that some survivors from USS Edsall were rescued by the Japanese ships, including eight sailors picked up by the cruiser
Chikuma, but at the end of WW2 no survivors were located.
In September 1946 two mass graves with decapitated bodies were located on the island of Celebes, six crew members from
Edsall and five of the USAAF passengers were identified among the remains.
During the Japanese War Crimes Trials held after WW2, it was decided not to press charges for the decapitation of the
Edsall survivors because of fragmentary evidence…
Picture is a still from Japanese film of the sinking.
In 2023, the wreck of USS Edsall was found roughly 200 miles SSE of Christmas Island at a depth of 18,000 feet.
The destroyer sits upright and is in one piece; some of her guns still point in the direction of her attackers.