RN:
Submarine monitor HMS
M2 launching her Parnell Peto seaplane. Circa 1928-32
Retrieving her seaplane, circa 1928-32
M2 left her base at
Portland on 26 January 1932, for an exercise in
West Bay, Dorset, carrying
Parnall Peto serial N255. Her last communication was a radio message at 10:11 to her
submarine depot ship,
Titania, to announce that she would dive at 10:30. The captain of a passing merchant ship, the
Newcastle coaster Tynesider, mentioned that he had seen a large submarine dive stern first at around 11:15. Unaware of the significance of this, he only reported it in passing once he reached port.
Her entire crew of 60 was killed in the accident. The submarine was found on 3 February, eight days after her loss.
Ernest Cox, the salvage expert who had raised the
German battleships at Scapa Flow, was hired to salvage the
M2. In an operation lasting nearly a year and 1,500 dives, on 8 December 1932, she was lifted to within 20 ft (6 m) of the surface before a
gale sprang up, sending her down to her final resting place.
The hangar door was found open and the aircraft still in it. The accident was believed to be due to water entering the submarine through the hangar door, which had been opened to launch the aircraft shortly after surfacing.
Two explanations have been advanced;
The first is that since the crew were always trying to beat their record time for launching the aircraft, they had opened the hangar door on surfacing while the deck was still awash.
The other theory is that the flooding of the hangar was due to failure of the stern
hydroplanes. High pressure air tanks were used to bring the boat to the surface in an awash condition, but to conserve compressed air, compressors were then started to completely clear the ballast tanks of water by blowing air into them. This could take as long as 15 minutes to complete. The normal procedure for launching the aircraft was therefore to hold the boat on the surface using the hydroplanes whilst the hangar door was opened and the aircraft launched. Failure of the stern hydroplanes would have sent the stern down as observed by the merchant officers and water would have eventually entered the hangar.
On 25 February 1932, a help message from
M2, written in pencil on a small piece of wood, was discovered by a fisherman on the shore at
Hallsands, south
Devon. It read: "Help.
M2 gone down. No. 2 hatch open.", with "Help. Lieut." on the back. It was handed over to the naval authorities and is now on display at the
Royal Navy Submarine Museum in
Gosport.