Developed from the Ki-21 bombers by the Mitsubishi Jukogyo KK Design Team, the Ki-57 transports served in both civilian (under designation of MC-20) and military (as Army Type 100 Transport and Navy L4M1 Transport) roles starting in the early 1940s. While the powerplant of the Ki-57-I variant retained the same as the Ki-21 predecessor design, the wings were lowered on the fuselage, while the fuselage interiors were reconfigured to optimize passenger seating. Production ended in Jan 1945 after 406 were built, 100 of which were of the Ki-57-I variant and 306 were of the Ki-57-II variant. After the war, a number of the captured Ki-57 transports were pressed into service in Nationalist China and in the Dutch East Indies.
The Allied codename for Ki-57 transports was Topsy. https://ww2db.com/aircraft_spec.php?aircraft_model_id=389
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